Chemical Composition, In Vitro Antitumor Effect, and Toxicity in Zebrafish of the Essential Oil from Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist (Asteraceae)

The essential oil from Conyza bonariensis (Asteraceae) aerial parts (CBEO) was extracted by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and characterized gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. antitumor potential evaluated against human tumor cell lines (melanoma, cervical, colorectal, leukemias), as well non-tumor keratinocyte using the MTT assay. effect of CBEO on production Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) DCFH-DA assay, protection assay antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) also performed. Moreover, toxicity zebrafish model assessed. majority compound (Z)-2-lachnophyllum ester (57.24%). exhibited selectivity towards SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells (half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50 = 18.65 ± 1.16 µg/mL), induced significant increase ROS production. In addition, CBEO’s cytotoxicity reduced after pretreatment with NAC. Furthermore, 96 h exposure, 1.5 µg/mL death all embryos. Non-lethal effects were observed exposure to 0.50–1.25 CBEO. Additionally, alterations activity enzymes associated oxidative stress larvae observed. These results provide evidence that has vitro antimelanoma increasing moderate embryotoxicity zebrafish.